How is the 'moment' calculated in aircraft weight and balance?

The calculation of 'moment' in the context of aircraft weight and balance is defined as the weight multiplied by the distance from a specified point known as the datum. This formula is crucial because the moment reflects how weight is distributed across an aircraft, which directly affects its balance and stability.

By multiplying the weight of each component of the aircraft (such as passengers, cargo, and fuel) by its respective distance from the datum, you create a moment that indicates how far this weight is acting from the reference point. Moments are then summed for all components to determine the total moment, which is essential for ensuring safe loading and flight operations.

Understanding this relationship is fundamental for A&P mechanics, as incorrect calculations can lead to improper weight distribution, potentially resulting in control difficulties during flight. The other choices do not accurately reflect how moment is calculated regarding aircraft weight and balance, making the first option the only correct method for deriving moment in this context.