What is included in the 'empty weight' of an aircraft?

Empty weight refers to the aircraft's weight without any payload or usable fuel. It is defined as the total weight of the aircraft's airframe, engine, and all permanently installed equipment essential for the operation of the aircraft. This includes instruments, avionics, and systems that are integrated into the aircraft but does not include any passengers, cargo, fuel that can be utilized for flight, or any operational items that are not fixed in place.

Having a clear understanding of what constitutes empty weight is crucial for various purposes, such as weight and balance calculations, which directly impact the safety and performance of an aircraft during flight. It is essential for pilots and mechanics to accurately assess the empty weight to ensure compliance with regulations and operational efficiency.